CCNA Notes

200-301 Exam Prep

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1Networking Devices2Interfaces And Cables3OSI Model and TCP/IP Suite4Intro to the CLI5Ethernet LAN Switching - Part 16Ethernet LAN Switching - Part 27IPv4 Addressing - Part 18IPv4 Addressing - Part 29Switch Interfaces10The IPv4 Header11Routing Fundamentals - Part 111Static Routing - Part 212Life of a Packet13Subnetting - Part 114Subnetting - Part 215Subnetting (VLSM) - Part 316VLANs - Part 117VLANs - Part 218VLANs - Part 319DTP / VTP20Spanning Tree Protocol - Part 121Spanning Tree Protocol - Part 222Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol23Etherchannel24Dynamic Routing25RIP / EIGRP26OSPF - Part 127OSPF - Part 228OSPF - Part 329First Hop Redundancy Protocol30TCP and UDP31IPv6 - Part 132IPv6 - Part 233IPv6 - Part 334Standard Access Control List35Extended Access Control List36CDP and LLDP37NTP - Network Time Protocol38DNS - Domain Name System39DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol40SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol41SYSLOG42SSH - Secure Shell43FTP and TFTP44NAT (Static) - Part 145NAT (Dynamic) - Part 246QoS (Voice VLAN) - Part 147QoS (Quality of Service) - Part 248Security Fundamentals49Port Security50DHCP Snooping51Dynamic ARP Inspection52LAN Architectures53WAN Architectures54Virtualization and Cloud - Part 154Virtualization (Containers) - Part 254Virtualization (VRF) - Part 355Wireless Fundamentals56Wireless Architectures57Wireless Security58Wireless Configuration59Introduction to Network Automation60JSON, XML, and YAML61REST APIs62Software Defined Networking63Ansible, Puppet, and Chef67CCNA Complete Cheatsheet
/IPv6 - Part 1
Topic 313 min read

IPv6 - Part 1

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31. IPv6 : PART 1

HEXIDECIMAL (Review)

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What about the reverse (Hex to Binary) ???

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WHY IPv6?

  • The MAIN REASON is that there are simply not enough IPv4 addresses available

  • There are 2^32 IPv4 Addresses available (4,294,967,296)

  • When IPv4 was being designed 30 years ago, the creators had NO idea the Internet would be as large as today

  • VLSM, Private IPv4 ADDRESSES, and NAT have been used to conserve the use of IPv4 ADDRESS SPACE.

    • These are short-term solutions, however.

  • The LONG -TERM solution is IPv6

  • IPv4 ADDRESS assignments are controlled by IANA (Internet Assigned Number Authority)

  • IANA distributes IPv4 ADDRESS space to various RIRs (Regional Internet Registries), which then assign them to companies that need them.

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  • On September 24th, 2015, ARIN declared exhaustion of the ARIN IPv4 address pool
  • On August 21st, 2020, LACNIC announced that it had made its final IPv4 allocation

BASICS OF IPv6

  • An IPv6 ADDRESS is 128 bits (8 bytes)

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  • An IPv6 ADDRESS uses the / prefix number

SHORTENING (Abbreviating) IPv6 ADDRESSES

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EXPANDING (Abbreviating) IPv6 ADDRESSES

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FINDING the IPv6 PREFIX (GLOBAL UNICAST ADDRESSES)

  • Typically, an Enterprise requesting IPv6 ADDRESSES from their ISP will receive a /48 BLOCK
  • Typically, IPv6 SUBNETS use a /64 PREFIX LENGTH
  • That means an Enterprise has 16 bits to use to make SUBNETS
  • The remaining 64 bits can be used for HOSTS

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(Each digit is 4 bits / each 4 digit block is 16 bits)

REMEMBER : You can only remove the LEADING ZEROS !!!

2001 : 0DB8 : 8B00 : 0001 : FB89 : 017B : 0020 : 0011 /93

Because 93 lands in the middle of a 4 bit number, we need to convert the last digit to binary and borrow a “bit” from the first binary digit.

:: 017 [B] :: B = 0d11 = 0b1011 = 0b1000 (the first digit is borrowed, the remainder become 0)

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CONFIGURING IPv6 ADDRESSES

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This allows the ROUTER to perform IPv6 ROUTING

<aside> 💡 R1(config) #ipv6 unicast-routing </aside>

Configuring an INTERFACE with an IPv6 Address

<aside> 💡 R1(config) #int g0/0 R1(config-if) #ipv6 address 2001:db8:0:0::1/64 R1(config) #no shutdown </aside>

You can also type out the full address (if necessary)

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NOTE ABBREVIATED IPv6 ADDRESSES SHOWN

LINK-LOCAL ADDRESSES are automatically added when creating an IPv6 INTERFACE (Covered in IPv6 - PART 2 Lecture)

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NextIPv6 - Part 2